Observing system experiments with the DMI HIRLAM Optimum Interpolation analysis/three-dimensional variational analysis and forecasting system

Bjarne Amstrup and Kristian S. Mogensen
Danish Meteorological Institute

October 25, 2000

Abstract

In the past few years the numbers of ACARS (Aircraft Communication Addressing and Reporting System) and AMDAR (Aircraft Meteorological Data Reporting) aircraft observation data received at DMI have increased. We have made two sets of observational system experiments (OSE) with these observation types. One set has used the DMI HIRLAM Optimum Interpolation (OI) data assimilation system in the (latest DMI standard) test period (00 UTC 1 November to 18 UTC 29 December 1999). Three parallel experiments have been run with OI, one without and two including the AMDAR/ACARS data. The runs including the data had two different ``time windows'' in which the data were used in the analyses, ±1800 s and ±3600 s as opposed to the ±3 h used for other data types. The second set of OSEs used HIRVDA, the HIRLAM 3D-Var data assimilation system, in the last part (00 UTC 20 October to 18 UTC 15 November) of the EUCOS (EUMETNET Composite Observing System) special period with an increased number of AMDAR data. A revised redundancy check for aircraft observations was used in some of the 3D-Var OSEs.

The results show that there is a clear positive impact when using these data in the OI data assimilation cycle, and small differences when increasing the time window from ±1800 s to ±3600 s with a slight tendency for the larger time window to give better scores. For the HIRLAM 3D-Var data assimilation system the results are mixed. Some runs with AMDAR/ACARS give better scores than the run without and some runs with AMDAR/ACARS give worse scores.

SATOB (atmospheric motion vectors from geostationary satellites) observational data received at DMI (in ASCII format) via GTS have been tested with the DMI HIRLAM OI data assimilation system in the same period as that for AMDAR/ACARS. The results show an overall negative impact on the DMI HIRLAM system from SATOBs, in particular in the northern half of the model area.

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